Lesson 13More Balanced Moves

Learning Goal

Let’s rewrite some more equations while keeping the same solutions.

Learning Targets

I can make sense of multiple ways to solve an equation.

Warm Up: Different Equations?

Equation 1

$x - 3 = 2 - 4 x$

Which of these have the same solution as Equation 1? Be prepared to explain your reasoning.

Equation A

$2 x - 6 = 4 - 8 x$

Equation B

$x - 5 = - 4 x$

Equation C

$2 (1 - 2 x) = x - 3$

Equation D

$- 3 = 2 - 5 x$

Activity 1: Step by Step by Step by Step

Here is an equation, and then all the steps Clare wrote to solve it:

$\begin{aligned} 14 x - 2 x + 3 & = 3 (5 x + 9) \\ 12 x + 3 & = 3 (5 x + 9) \\ 3 (4 x + 1) & = 3 (5 x + 9) \\ 4 x + 1 & = 5 x + 9 \\ 1 & = x + 9 \\ - 8 & = x \end{aligned}$

Here is the same equation, and the steps Lin wrote to solve it:

$\begin{aligned} 14 x - 2 x + 3 & = 3 (5 x + 9) \\ 12 x + 3 & = 3 (5 x + 9) \\ 12 x + 3 & = 15 x + 27 \\ 12 x & = 15 x + 24 \\ - 3 x & = 24 \\ x & = - 8 \end{aligned}$

Are both of their solutions correct? Explain your reasoning.
Describe some ways the steps they took are alike and different.
Mai and Noah also solved the equation, but some of their steps have errors. Find the incorrect step in each solution and explain why it is incorrect.
Mai:
$\begin{aligned} 14 x - 2 x + 3 & = 3 (5 x + 9) \\ 12 x + 3 & = 3 (5 x + 9) \\ 7 x + 3 & = 3 (9) \\ 7 x + 3 & = 27 \\ 7 x & = 24 \\ x & = \frac{24}{7} \end{aligned}$
Noah:
$\begin{aligned} 14 x - 2 x + 3 & = 3 (5 x + 9) \\ 12 x + 3 & = 15 x + 27 \\ 27 x + 3 & = 27 \\ 27 x & = 24 \\ x & = \frac{24}{27} \end{aligned}$

Activity 2: Make Your Own Steps

Solve these equations for $x$ .

$\frac{12 + 6 x}{3} = \frac{5 - 9}{2}$
$x - 4 = \frac{1}{3} (6 x - 54)$
$- (3 x - 12) = 9 x - 4$

Are you ready for more?

I have 24 pencils and 3 cups. The second cup holds one more pencil than the first. The third holds one more than the second. How many pencils does each cup contain?

Activity 3: Trading Moves

Your teacher will give you 4 cards, each with an equation.

With your partner, select a card and choose who will take the first turn.
During your turn, decide what the next move to solve the equation should be, explain your choice to your partner, and then write it down once you both agree. Switch roles for the next move. This continues until the equation is solved.
Choose a second equation to solve in the same way, trading the card back and forth after each move.
For the last two equations, choose one each to solve and then trade with your partner when you finish to check one another’s work.

Lesson Summary

How do we make sure the solution we find for an equation is correct? Accidentally adding when we meant to subtract, missing a negative when we distribute, forgetting to write an $x$ from one line to the next–there are many possible mistakes to watch out for!

Fortunately, each step we take solving an equation results in a new equation with the same solution as the original. This means we can check our work by substituting the value of the solution into the original equation. For example, say we solve the following equation:

$\begin{aligned} 2 x & = - 3 (x + 5) \\ 2 x & = - 3 x + 15 \\ 5 x & = 15 \\ x & = 3 \end{aligned}$

Substituting 3 in place of $x$ into the original equation,

$\begin{aligned} 2 (3) & = - 3 (3 + 5) \\ 6 & = - 3 (8) \\ 6 & = - 24 \end{aligned}$

we get a statement that isn’t true! This tells us we must have made a mistake somewhere. Checking our original steps carefully, we made a mistake when distributing -3. Fixing it, we now have

$\begin{aligned} 2 x & = - 3 (x + 5) \\ 2 x & = - 3 x - 15 \\ 5 x & = - 15 \\ x & = - 3 \end{aligned}$

Substituting -3 in place of $x$ into the original equation to make sure we didn’t make another mistake:

$\begin{aligned} 2 (- 3) & = - 3 (- 3 + 5) \\ - 6 & = - 3 (2) \\ - 6 & = - 6 \end{aligned}$

This equation is true, so $x = - 3$ is the solution.

Lesson 13More Balanced Moves

Learning Goal

Learning Targets

Warm Up: Different Equations?

Problem 1

Activity 1: Step by Step by Step by Step

Problem 1

Activity 2: Make Your Own Steps

Problem 1

Are you ready for more?

Problem 1

Activity 3: Trading Moves

Problem 1

Lesson Summary