Lesson 15Volume of Prisms

Learning Goal

Let’s look at the volume of prisms that have fractional measurements.

Learning Targets

I can solve volume problems that involve fractions.

Warm Up: A Box of Cubes

Problem 1

How many cubes with an edge length of 1 inch fill this box?

A rectangular prism that represents a box. The horizontal edge length is labeled 10 inches, the vertical edge length is labeled 4 inches, and the bottom, right edge length of the box is labeled 3 inches.

Problem 2

If the cubes had an edge length of 2 inches, would you need more or fewer cubes to fill the box? Explain your reasoning.

Problem 3

If the cubes had an edge length of $\frac{1}{2}$ inch, would you need more or fewer cubes to fill the box? Explain your reasoning.

Activity 1: Cubes with Fractional Edge Lengths

Problem 1

Diego says that 108 cubes with an edge length of $\frac{1}{3}$ inch are needed to fill a rectangular prism that is 3 inches by 1 inch by $1 \frac{1}{3}$ inch.

Explain or show how this is true. If you get stuck, consider drawing a diagram.
What is the volume, in cubic inches, of the rectangular prism? Explain or show your reasoning.

Problem 2

Lin and Noah are packing small cubes into a larger cube with an edge length of $1 \frac{1}{2}$ inches. Lin is using cubes with an edge length of $\frac{1}{2}$ inch, and Noah is using cubes with an edge length of $\frac{1}{4}$ inch.

Who would need more cubes to fill the $1 \frac{1}{2}$ -inch cube? Be prepared to explain your reasoning.
If Lin and Noah each use their small cubes to find the volume of the larger $1 \frac{1}{2}$ -inch cube, will they get the same answer? Explain or show your reasoning.

Activity 2: Fish Tank and Baking Pan

Problem 1

A nature center has a fish tank in the shape of a rectangular prism. The tank is 10 feet long, $8 \frac{1}{4}$ feet wide, and 6 feet tall.

What is the volume of the tank in cubic feet? Explain or show your reasoning.
The nature center’s caretaker filled $\frac{4}{5}$ of the tank with water. What was the volume of the water in the tank, in cubic feet? What was the height of the water in the tank? Explain or show your reasoning.
Another day, the tank was filled with 330 cubic feet of water. The height of the water was what fraction of the height of the tank? Show your reasoning.

Problem 2

Clare’s recipe for banana bread won’t fit in her favorite pan. The pan is $8 \frac{1}{2}$ inches by 11 inches by 2 inches. The batter fills the pan to the very top, and when baking, the batter spills over the sides. To avoid spills, there should be about an inch between the top of the batter and the rim of the pan.

Clare has another pan that is 9 inches by 9 inches by $2 \frac{1}{2}$ inches. If she uses this pan, will the batter spill over during baking?

Are you ready for more?

Problem 1

Find the area of a rectangle with side lengths $\frac{1}{2}$ and $\frac{2}{3}$ .

Problem 2

Find the volume of a rectangular prism with side lengths $\frac{1}{2}$ , $\frac{2}{3}$ , and $\frac{3}{4}$ .

Problem 3

What do you think happens if we keep multiplying fractions $\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{2}{3} \cdot \frac{3}{4} \cdot \frac{4}{5} \cdot \frac{5}{6} \dots$ ?

Problem 4

Find the area of a rectangle with side lengths $\frac{1}{1}$ and $\frac{2}{1}$ .

Problem 5

Find the volume of a rectangular prism with side lengths $\frac{1}{1}$ , $\frac{2}{1}$ , and $\frac{1}{3}$ .

Problem 6

What do you think happens if we keep multiplying fractions $\frac{1}{1} \cdot \frac{2}{1} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \cdot \frac{4}{1} \cdot \frac{1}{5} \dots$ ?

Lesson Summary

If a rectangular prism has edge lengths $a$ units, $b$ units, and $c$ units, the volume is the product of $a$ , $b$ , and $c$ . $V = a \cdot b \cdot c$

This means that if we know the volume and two edge lengths, we can divide to find the third edge length.

Suppose the volume of a rectangular prism is $400 \frac{1}{2}$ cm³, one edge length is $\frac{11}{2}$ cm, another is $6$ cm, and the third edge length is unknown. We can write a multiplication equation to represent the situation: $\frac{11}{2} \cdot 6 \cdot ? = 400 \frac{1}{2}$

We can find the third edge length by dividing: $400 \frac{1}{2} \div (\frac{11}{2} \cdot 6) = ?$