Lesson 4 More Ferris Wheels Solidify Understanding
Learning Focus
Graph sine functions of the form
How can I represent the vertical motion of a rider on a Ferris wheel graphically?
How does changing the speed, height, or radius of the Ferris wheel affect the graph and the function equation?
Open Up the Math: Launch, Explore, Discuss
Previously, you calculated the height of a rider on a Ferris wheel at different times
Recall the following facts for the Ferris wheel:
The Ferris wheel has a radius of
. The center of the Ferris wheel is
above the ground. The wheel makes one complete revolution counterclockwise every
.
You also previously found several data points for the height of the rider at different times. Because of the symmetry of the positions on the wheel, you realized you didn’t need to calculate all of the heights, just a few were enough. Here are a couple of points you calculated:
At
the rider is at a vertical height of . At
the rider is at a vertical height of .
1.
Based only on the information you previously found, as well as any additional insights you might have about riding on Ferris wheels, sketch a graph of the vertical height of a rider on this Ferris wheel as a function of the time elapsed since the rider passed the position farthest to the right of the Ferris wheel. (We can consider this position as the rider’s starting position at time
2.
Write the equation for the graph you sketched.
3.
Of course, Ferris wheels do not all have this same radius, center height, or angular speed. Describe a different Ferris wheel by changing some of the facts listed above. For example, you can change the radius of the wheel, the height of the center, the angular speed, or the amount of time it takes to complete one revolution. You can even change the direction of rotation from counterclockwise to clockwise. If you want, you can change more than one fact. Just make sure your description seems reasonable for the motion of a Ferris wheel.
Description of my Ferris wheel:
4.
Sketch a graph of the height of a rider on your Ferris wheel as a function of the time elapsed since the rider passed the position farthest to the right of the Ferris wheel.
5.
Write the equation of the graph you sketched.
6.
We began this task by considering the graph of the height of a rider on a Ferris wheel with a radius of
The radius of the wheel is larger or smaller?
The height of the center of the wheel is greater or smaller?
The wheel rotates faster or slower?
7.
Given:
How does the equation of the rider’s height change if:
The radius of the wheel is larger or smaller?
The height of the center of the wheel is greater or smaller?
The wheel rotates faster or slower?
Pause and Reflect
8.
Write the equation of the height of a rider on each of the following Ferris wheels
a.
The radius of the wheel is
b.
The radius of the wheel is
Ready for More?
1.
Create a description of a Ferris wheel that rotates clockwise, rather than counterclockwise. Describe how you will account for this clockwise rotation graphically and algebraically, then sketch a graph and write an equation for your description.
2.
Create a description of a Ferris wheel that rotates counterclockwise for a while, comes to an abrupt halt, and then rotates clockwise for the same interval of time as the counterclockwise motion. Describe how you will account for this motion graphically and algebraically, then sketch a graph and write an equation for your description.
Takeaways
Key features of the sine graph:
Midline:
Amplitude:
Period:
Quick-graph points:
Shape of graph:
In the function
The parameter
changes by . For example, doubling . The parameter
changes by . For example, doubling . The parameter
, which represents the angular speed of rotation, is related to the period by . The parameter
changes by .
We have made the following observation about the sine function:
Vocabulary
- amplitude
- angular speed
- midline of a trigonometric function
- period of a cyclical function
- Bold terms are new in this lesson.
Lesson Summary
In this lesson, we learned how to represent circular motion using a description, an equation, and a graph. We related the parameters
1.
Identify the functions as even, odd, or neither.
a.
A.
even
B.
odd
C.
neither
b.
A.
even
B.
odd
C.
neither
c.
A.
even
B.
odd
C.
neither
2.
The quadrants in a coordinate grid are always labeled I, II, III, and IV. Are they labeled in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction?